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"Natural gas vehicles have a very strong economy, and there is potential for explosive growth in the future." Huatai Securities recently released the "Natural Gas Equipment Industry Series Report," saying that in the past 10 years, the world's natural gas vehicles have grown at an average annual rate of over 25%; With more than 1 million cars, it will reach 1.5 million to 1.8 million by 2015.
Wearing a "green" aura, natural gas vehicles have received attention once they are available. However, due to various restrictions, it is difficult for natural gas vehicles with environmental protection and economy to realize large-scale promotion.
Affordable urban public transport favors natural gas
Nanjing Bus Group has 1,901 natural gas buses. "Gas prices are cheaper than oil prices. We mainly consider them from the perspective of economic benefits." Deputy General Manager of the Group Cheng Jingliang introduced that in 2005, the Bus Group used the opportunity of the West-East Gas Transmission to carry out "oil-to-gas" changes to the bus power system. Transformation. In 2008, the bus group began to introduce a large number of original natural gas buses. CNG (compressed natural gas) buses were gradually retired and eliminated, and LNG (liquefied natural gas) was used as a new driving force for public transportation.
However, the largest taxi company in Nanjing, the North China Group Taxi Company, attempted to change from “oil to gas†in 2007, and it has reached 1,752 vehicles with a modification rate of 97.6%. According to statistics from Nanjing Passenger Transport Administration, the city's 9132 taxis use up to 90% of the oil-gas hybrid power.
Xu Deming, who is responsible for registration of taxi modification at the Shi’an Technical Section in North China, estimated that, under normal circumstances, taxis consume 11 liters per 100 kilometers. Based on 300 kilometers per day, fuel consumption is 33 liters a day, according to the current number 93. Calculating the price of gasoline at 7.47 yuan per liter, it will cost about 250 yuan a day, and the average fuel consumption per kilometer will reach 0.83 yuan. The price of a tank of gas is about 80 yuan, and it can run 180 to 200 kilometers. The cost of 1 kilometer is only about 0.40 yuan, which is half of the expenditure on fuel consumption. "General drivers can recover the full cost of the conversion after six months of running," said Xu Deming. In addition, natural gas buses emit half of the emissions of carbon dioxide and sulphide emissions from diesel vehicles. PM2.5 emissions are equivalent to 10% of diesel vehicles.
At the China Resources Refueling Station on Hongshan Road in Nanjing, there are more than 20 taxis waiting for refueling. Pan Xiaoping, a Su A72676 pilot, told reporters that he was refitted the year before, and that the white class only needed two cans of gas at a cost of one hundred six. Seventy yuan, a day of oil money will save tens of dollars.
Statistics from the Nanjing Bus Group show that compared to LNG buses and diesel buses, a vehicle can save 15,000 yuan in fuel costs a year. This alone, the company saves 28.515 million yuan annually. To this end, Nanjing Public Transport Group will also introduce 934 hybrid new energy buses this year, and the number of natural gas buses will account for about half of the total.
Unable to Annually Check Private Cars Blocked Outside "Oil to Gas"
According to Xu Deming, natural gas vehicle conversion technology has matured. The earliest “oil to gas†uses a single injection, the cost is about 5,000 yuan; now has entered the third generation of products, multi-point injection, the failure rate is low. At present, there are two qualified natural gas vehicle conversion sites in Nanjing, and the conversion cost is between 7500 and 7580 yuan.
As of the end of 2012, Nanjing had 1.585 million motor vehicles, of which 976,600 were private cars. Behind this huge number, there is a huge energy-saving space. However, the reporter learned that at present, the green travel mode of natural gas vehicles is still confined to the urban passenger rental industry and urban public transport, and a large number of private cars are blocked outside the door.
"Private cars are not allowed to modify natural gas, otherwise they will not pass the annual inspection." The staff of the Nanjing Municipal Public Security Bureau Traffic Control Bureau Order and Order Department firmly stated that the private cars are not allowed to modify natural gas vehicles, mainly based on safety considerations. City buses and taxis allow the conversion of natural gas as a power source because they have specialized technicians to overhaul and are able to carry out regular maintenance and maintenance. Private cars are only tested once a year in two years. This is impossible and there is no such technology. As for whether or not the original factory-installed natural gas vehicle can be put on the license, the staff of 807 Vehicle Administration Office of Nanjing Public Security Bureau Public Security Bureau also made it clear: “Natural gas vehicles cannot be on the card, let alone the annual inspection.â€
It should be noted that at the national policy orientation level, natural gas vehicles have quietly withdrawn from key developments in recent years. On February 22 this year, the National Development and Reform Commission released the "Guiding Catalogue of Key Emerging Industries Key Products and Services", specifying that the new energy automotive industry only includes pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles. According to the latest edition of the National Development and Reform Commission's “Guidance Catalogue for Industrial Structure Adjustment (2011 edition)â€, compared to the “Guidance Catalog†issued in 2005, new energy vehicles have been shrinking from diversified types of energy sources to electric vehicles. .
Multiple bottleneck natural gas vehicles need to find a way out
In addition to these "congenitally deficient", natural gas vehicles do not enjoy purchase subsidies and related support policies.
Natural gas car, just looks beautiful? Cheng Jingliang said that the natural gas gas is very volatile and is constrained by gas sources and gas stations. Natural gas vehicles are also affected in terms of cruising range, and are only suitable for operation within a certain area of ​​the city. In addition, the requirements for storage and transportation of natural gas are relatively high. For LNG, low temperatures of -162°C are required, so the large-scale promotion of natural gas vehicles is also very troublesome.
“Building gas stations are all market-oriented, and the government has not set aside plans for it,†said Wang Yong, transportation energy division of Nanjing Development and Reform Commission. At present, 28 gas stations on the Nanjing market are self-produced by enterprises, and Jianjia Gas stations have higher requirements for land, surrounding environment and fire protection. Judging from the current downtown area of ​​Nanjing, there are no commercial sites that meet these conditions. Cheng Jingliang agrees with this, “The bus group can only use the existing stations for reconstruction in the future, but it has far left the current maneuvering area of ​​the vehicle. In the future, natural gas buses can only be put more in the main downtown area. By 2015, The number of natural gas buses in the city is about 60%, and the ratio cannot be higher."
According to the relevant personages, from the point of view of urban public transport in advanced countries, trams are the future direction of development. Before the opening of the Youth Olympic Games next year, Nanjing will invest heavily in the construction of a tramline in Hexi and Xianlin respectively. Cheng Jingliang believes that “a one-time investment in trams is relatively large, but it will achieve zero emission of harmful gases after the completion of operation, and it is a true green transport.â€