Progress in environmental protection and recycling technology of phosphate ore dressing

Li Wei and others used colloidal destabilization, coagulation and sedimentation to solve the problem of wastewater treatment and reuse in a phosphate rock flotation plant. First, the two kinds of wastewater are mixed in proportion, then the inorganic alkaline coagulant A is added to destabilize the colloid in the wastewater, and finally the PAM is added for coagulation and sedimentation, and a better treatment effect is obtained. According to the test results, the pilot production is carried out, and the treated wastewater is reused for beneficiation, and the colloid is destabilized. The PAM coagulation sedimentation method can make the effluent reach the reuse requirement. Backwater beneficiation can save water consumption and reduce ore dressing costs. Backwater beneficiation has no adverse effect on the grade of phosphate concentrate.

In response to the problem that the manganese content in the tailings of phosphate rock ore in Hubei Province Huangmeiling Phosphorus Chemical Co., Ltd. exceeded the standard, Mei Ming et al proposed to treat the manganese-containing tail water for the treatment of ammonia-made gas-making circulating water. The manganese-containing tail water is used instead of fresh water to be added to the gas-producing circulating water system containing sulfide, carbonate and hydroxide ions; most of the wastewater is recycled after neutralizing the precipitate to remove manganese ions, and a small amount of forced discharge to the integrated wastewater treatment The system discharges after reaching the standard. The actual operation results of the project show that most of the manganese ions are reduced in the synthetic ammonia gasification cycle water treatment system, and the mass concentration is reduced from 36~41 mg/L to 3~6 mg/L; the forced effluent wastewater is treated by synthetic ammonia wastewater. At the station treatment, the mass concentration decreased from 3~6 mg/L to 0.5~1.5 mg/L, and the total removal rate reached over 95%. The effluent water quality can meet the requirements for discharge. The project application reduces emissions of heavy metals in the wastewater, and the wastewater utilization, achieve the purpose of saving water resources and environmental protection, energy conservation and the importance of sustainable development.

In order to study the effect of high concentration inorganic ions on the floatability of minerals, Li Donglian et al. used Yunnan phosphate rock as the research object, and added a large amount of ore dressing wastewater ions and components in the flotation process of Jinning and Anning phosphate mines respectively, through recovery rate, The change in grade is studied for its effect on flotation. The results of Jinning Phosphate Mine show that metal cations have a great influence on the positive flotation effect of Jinning Phosphate Mine, especially the yield and recovery rate of phosphate concentrate decrease with the increase of ion mass concentration. Ca2+ and Mg2+ are inevitable ions in the process of phosphate ore dressing. When the concentration of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the return water exceeds 100 mg/L, it is necessary to remove Ca2+ and Mg2+, and the ore dressing wastewater can be reused. S042-, PO43-, F-, and C1-inorganic anions have little effect on the positive flotation effect of Jinning Phosphate Mine. Residues of collectors will not affect the positive flotation of Jinning Phosphate Mine. The reuse of wastewater can reduce the amount of collector and reduce the cost. Solid suspended solids particles do not affect the ore dressing effect of Jinning Phosphorus Mine, but need to be removed when wastewater is reused, otherwise it will affect the grinding process. The results of the Anning phosphate rock test show that when the added Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Fe3+ and F- reach a certain concentration, the flotation of the Anning phosphate mine has different degrees of influence. When the water reuse is used, when the mass concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Fe3+ exceeds 50 mg/L, if it continues to be reused, it will affect the positive flotation of the phosphate rock, resulting in a decrease in recovery rate, an increase in drug consumption, and an increase in cost. When the F-mass concentration exceeds 2 mg/L, it will affect the positive flotation of phosphate rock. It may be that F- interacts with Ca2+ in the slurry to form calcium fluoride, promotes the dissolution of Ca2+ on the mineral surface, and consumes part of the collector. The recovery rate of phosphate rock is reduced and needs to be removed.

The ore grade of a phosphate mine in Anning, Yunnan Province is 22.52%. The ore dressing wastewater of this plant mainly contains SO42-, PO43-, Ca2+, etc., making these wastewaters difficult to treat. Zhao Fengting studied the reuse of these wastewaters as mineral reclaimed water. It was found that when the concentration of Ca2+ in the tailings backwater is less than 150 mg/L, it can be returned to the positive flotation; the concentrate and tailings are added with lime and sodium carbonate. After treatment, it can be used as grinding water and supplementary water. The reuse of ore dressing wastewater after treatment improves resource utilization.

In the positive and negative flotation of phosphate rock, due to the different pH conditions of the pulp, the diversity of phosphate rock, inorganic ions and chemical components in the pulp show different characteristics, positive flotation tailings water, reverse flotation The mineral water and the reverse flotation tailings water are very different. It is obviously not feasible to collect all the ore dressing wastewater in a centralized manner without treatment. Flocculation and sedimentation method is one of the effective methods for treating flotation wastewater of Jinning Phosphate Mine. Lime can be used together with sodium carbonate or sodium phosphate to treat flotation wastewater. When the amount of calcium oxide is 4.0 kg/m3 and the amount of sodium carbonate is 0.6 kg/m3, the final concentrate of the closed-circuit process test w(P2O5)=29.66%, the recovery rate is 77.38%; when the amount of calcium oxide is 2.0 kg/m3, When the amount of sodium phosphate dodecahydrate is 0.2 kg/m3, the final concentrate w(P2O5)=30.22%, and the recovery rate is 76.74%. Li Donglian et al pointed out that the reuse of wastewater treated by this method has little effect on the flotation process, and it is simple and easy to implement, and it is easy to implement in industry.

According to the flotation process requirements of phosphate rock and the nature of wastewater, Luo Huihua uses CaO and Na2C03 to treat the ore dressing wastewater. The wastewater is recycled and reused to achieve 100% utilization of the return water, that is, “zero discharge”. The process not only prevents the potential pollution of the flotation wastewater to the environment, reduces the consumption of the flotation agent, but also makes full use of the water resources, and the process is simple and easy to industrialize. Luo Huihua et al. used the positive and negative flotation process to select Yichang phosphate mine in the extended continuous test of ore supply 1 t/d, and obtained a satisfactory sorting index, that is, obtained the backwater test concentrate P2O5 30.52%, MgO 0.49 %, SiO2 14.87%, concentrate yield 54.63%, concentrate recovery rate 85.85% of the ore dressing index. The expansion test of the positive and negative flotation beneficiation process wastewater by using CaO and Na2CO3 two alkalis shows that the wastewater can be recycled, the reuse rate of wastewater reaches 100%, completely achieves “zero emission”, saves water resources and avoids waste water. The impact on the environment, and the use of wastewater after the beneficiation technical indicators is better than the beneficiation index of the clean water process, the cost of the concentrate is reduced.

Bai Zhongneng and other researches on the problem of backwater utilization in the industrial production of phosphate rock flotation, conducted backwater testing and treatment process research, found that the high mass fraction of Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42-, PO43- in the return water is affecting the phosphate rock. The main factors of flotation, using the improved backwater treatment process, reduce the concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42-, PO43- in the return water to the extent that the phosphate ore is not affected by the flotation, so that the tailwater recovery effect can be improved. Great improvement.

He Xiangwen et al [tested the overflow water of the tailings pond of a large-scale colloidal phosphate flotation plant in Dianchi area, Yunnan Province. The analysis results show that although the water quality is clear, the mass fraction of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the wastewater is too high, and the water is directly used. It will affect the positive flotation indicators and cannot be returned to production for direct use. According to the wastewater quality, the water treatment test was carried out. Finally, the backwater treated by the double alkali method was used in the test process to compare with the clean water process. The results showed that the test index was good and the expected effect was achieved. The wastewater from the plant is processed and returned to the positive flotation process for reuse to improve the utilization of return water, reduce the cost of sewage treatment, and save water resources.

Zhang Hui et al. expounded the development status of flotation and phosphorus chemical industry in Yunnan phosphate mine, and introduced the production of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride by-product water glass with fluorosilicic acid, low temperature thermal energy of sulfuric acid for heating flotation of phosphate rock and waste in production of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid. The acid is used in the mineralization symbiotic coupling technology of phosphorus ore flotation medium regulator, etc., and the problems of equipment and process parameters of phosphorus ore flotation and phosphorus chemical coupling technology are proposed, aiming to reduce phosphate rock flotation and phosphorus chemical industry. Cost to achieve sustainable development.

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