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(i) Construction of a new socialist countryside. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, solving the "three rural issues" is still the top priority of the work of the whole party. The major historic task of building a new socialist countryside is clearly stated. This is mainly to consider: On the one hand, the difficulty in realizing the goal of building an overall well-to-do society and the key to building a new socialist countryside are the requirements for the comprehensive development of rural areas and the consolidation and strengthening of the requirements. The status of agriculture as a foundation and major measures for building a well-off society in an all-round way. On the other hand, China's rural development and reform has entered a new stage. We must follow the principle of coordinating urban and rural development, implement the policy of industrial support for agriculture and urban support for rural areas, and increase the support for all parties in the face of rural development. Quickly change the backwardness of the countryside.
The goals and requirements of building a new socialist countryside can be summed up as follows: production development, a comfortable life, a civilized village, a clean and tidy village, and democratic management. These 20 words are rich in content and profound in meaning, fully embodying the requirements of rural economic, political, cultural and social development under the new situation. To build a new socialist countryside, we must focus on the following key areas: First, promote the construction of modern agriculture. Accelerate the progress of agricultural science and technology, adjust the structure of agricultural production, strengthen the construction of agricultural facilities, and increase the overall agricultural production capacity. The second is to comprehensively deepen comprehensive reforms focusing on rural tax and fee reform. Accelerate the reform of township and township institutions, rural compulsory education, county and township fiscal systems, rural finance and land acquisition systems. The third is to develop rural public utilities. Accelerate the development of rural cultural and educational undertakings, focus on popularizing and consolidating nine-year compulsory education in rural areas, strengthen the construction of rural public health and basic medical service systems, promote the construction of rural spiritual civilization and harmonious society, and significantly improve the production and living conditions and overall appearance of rural areas. The fourth is to do everything possible to increase the income of farmers. Comprehensive measures should be taken to open up more channels for farmers to increase income, tap the potential for increasing revenue within agriculture, vigorously develop the county economy, guide the surplus labor to transfer non-agricultural industries and cities in an orderly manner, continue to improve existing agricultural subsidies policies, and increase poverty alleviation and development efforts. It must be pointed out that building a new socialist countryside is a arduous and long-term task. All localities must formulate scientific plans, pay attention to measures tailored to local conditions, strengthen guidance on classification, adhere to actual conditions, respect the peasants' wishes, prevent formalism and forced orders, and advance steadily and steadily.
(B) to promote economic restructuring and changes in economic growth mode. During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, we must regard economic restructuring and the transformation of the economic growth mode as major tasks related to the overall situation. We must focus on three aspects: First, we should take a truly new path of industrialization and accelerate the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. Adhere to the use of information technology to promote industrialization, industrialization to promote information technology. We will vigorously develop high-tech industries, accelerate the development of advanced manufacturing industries and modern service industries, and strengthen the construction of basic industries and infrastructure. The second is to develop economies of scale and achieve economies of scale. Mainly through the market role and necessary macro guidance, to further break down the boundaries of industries, regions, and ownership, promote reform and restructuring of enterprises, give full play to the role of existing enterprises, to avoid low-level repeated production and construction. The third is to speed up the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society. We should regard resource conservation as a basic national policy, vigorously develop a recycling economy, increase the efficiency of resource use, increase environmental governance, and effectively protect the natural ecology. It needs to be emphasized that with the advancement of industrialization and urbanization in China, constraints on resources and the environment will increase, and the people will have higher requirements on the quality of production and living environment. Protecting resources and the environment is a major issue that is difficult and must be resolved.
(c) Promote coordinated regional development. We will implement the development of the western region, rejuvenate the old industrial bases in the northeastern region, promote the rise of the central region, encourage the eastern region to take the lead in development, and form a pattern of interaction between East and West, mutual complementarity, mutual promotion, and common development. This is to build an overall well-to-do society and accelerate modernization. The overall strategic deployment made from the overall perspective. The “Proposal†set out from the actual conditions of each region, and clarified the development orientation and general thinking of each region in accordance with the requirements of exerting comparative advantages, strengthening weak links, and promoting coordinated development. It also puts emphasis on three ways to implement the regional development strategy. The first is to improve regional coordination and interaction mechanisms. Including market mechanisms, cooperation mechanisms, mutual assistance mechanisms, and support mechanisms. The state will continue to increase support for the central and western regions in terms of economic policies, capital investment, and industrial development, and accelerate economic and social development in the old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and poverty-stricken areas. The second is to clarify the functional positioning of different regions. According to the regional population, resources, environmental carrying capacity and development potential, the implementation of optimized development, key development, limited development and prohibition of development. The third is to promote the healthy development of urbanization. Adhere to the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns to improve the city's comprehensive carrying capacity. In accordance with the principle of gradual and orderly progress, conservation of land, intensive development, and rational distribution, we will actively and steadily promote urbanization. Pay attention to the agglomeration effect of urban agglomeration.
(D) Strengthen the ability of independent innovation and accelerate the development of science and technology education. At present, human society is experiencing a global revolution in science and technology. This has brought rare opportunities for development to various countries, but also brought serious challenges. The most important thing is to improve the ability of independent innovation. Independent innovation is the key to improving the level of science and technology and economic competitiveness. It is also a central link in adjusting the industrial structure and transforming the mode of growth. It is necessary to regard the enhancement of independent innovation capabilities as a national strategy and strive to build an innovative country. We must vigorously develop key technologies and core technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and strive to improve original innovation, integrated innovation, and the ability to introduce, digest, absorb, and innovate.
To improve the capability of independent innovation, we must focus on the following points: First, we must speed up the establishment of a technological innovation system that focuses on companies as the mainstay, market orientation, and the combination of production, education, and research. Second, we must improve the market environment for technological innovation, accelerate the development of venture capital investment, and strengthen intermediary services such as technical consulting and technology transfer. Third, we must implement fiscal, taxation, finance, and government procurement policies that support independent innovation, and improve the incentive mechanism for independent innovation. Fourth, we must make good use of global scientific and technological resources, continue to introduce advanced foreign technologies, and actively participate in international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation. Fifth, we must strengthen intellectual property protection. This is a problem that needs special emphasis. Protecting intellectual property rights is of great significance in encouraging independent innovation and optimizing the environment for innovation. It also helps reduce intellectual property disputes with foreign countries. It is necessary to establish a sound intellectual property protection system and increase the enforcement of intellectual property protection.
In order to enhance the capability of independent innovation, we must deeply implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the strategy of strengthening the country through human resources. In the development of science and technology, we must adhere to the principle of independent innovation, key leapfrogging, support for development, and guidance for the future. It is necessary to proceed from the enhancement of national innovation capabilities to solve major scientific and technological problems facing economic and social development and enhance the competitiveness of science and technology. We must persist in doing something and do something wrong, and concentrate our efforts on making breakthroughs in some key areas and key links. We must make significant progress in key areas such as energy, resources, environment, agriculture, and information for the technological bottlenecks in economic and social development. We must focus on the long-term, strengthen basic research and research on cutting-edge technologies, advance deployment in some frontier high-tech strategic areas, and cultivate new industries. To realize the goal of scientific and technological development, we must continue to deepen the reform of the science and technology system and give full play to the potential of various scientific and technological resources.
Fundamentally speaking, accelerating the development of science and technology and comprehensively promoting economic revitalization and social progress all depend on the improvement of the quality of laborers and the training of a large number of highly qualified personnel. Continue to place education in a strategic position for priority development. We must speed up the adjustment of education structure, focus on popularizing and consolidating compulsory education, vigorously develop vocational education, and improve the quality of higher education. We must fully implement quality education and deepen the reform of the education system.
(5) Deepen structural reforms and increase the level of opening to the outside world. Reform and opening up are major decisions that determine the fate of China. For more than 20 years, all the achievements made in China's economic and social development are inseparable from the resolute promotion of economic restructuring and opening to the outside world. To achieve the tasks of development in the new stage and continue to advance the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we must unswervingly deepen reforms and expand opening up. The "Proposal" places an important position in deepening institutional reforms and improving the level of opening up to the outside world. It particularly stresses the need to improve the institutional guarantees for the implementation of the scientific concept of development. This is because China’s reforms are still at a critical stage. To establish a perfect socialist market economic system, it is also necessary to solve many difficult and deep-seated problems; at the same time, we must do a good job of “five overall plans†and accelerate economic restructuring. The transformation of growth patterns and the promotion of stable and rapid economic development and the building of a harmonious society must all rely on deepening reforms. Therefore, we must accelerate reforms with greater determination, and make breakthroughs in major structural reforms that are related to the overall economic and social development.
Wen Jiabao: Explanation on Formulating the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Recommendation (3)
3. The "Tasks" for the main tasks during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period clearly set forth the main tasks for economic and social development and reform and opening up in the next five years. Here to highlight the following issues.